DBQ- minorities in world war II Essay

The following question requires you to write a coherent essay incorporating your interpretation of the documents and your kip downledge of the period specified in the question. To pee a high score you are required to cite key pieces of evidence from the documents and draw on your knowledge of the period. It is often claimed that the major Ameri cornerstone wars of the detain 150 years have resulted in the most important social and political gains of minorities and women. Evaluate this statement with regard to the experience of minorities and women during World War II. engross evidence from the documents and your knowledge of the period from 1941 to 1945 to compose your answer.Brigadier General B. 0. Davis to General Peterson, 9 November 1943 (Brigadier Davis had just completed an inspection of military bases in Massachusetts, modernistic York, New Jersey and Michigan)I was deeply impressed with the high morale and attitudes of the colored officers and soldiers stationed in the states visited in the past two months. They were so different from those of the colored officers and soldiers set(p) in the Southern states. While at that place has been an improvement in general conditions, there is still great dissatisfaction and discouragement on the part of the colored pile and the soldiers. They whole step that, regardless of how much they strive to meet War Department requirements, there is no channelise in the attitude of the War Department. The colored officers and soldiers feel that they are denied the protection and rewards that ordinarily result from good behavior and proper performance of duty.. The Press news items and reports of investigations show that there has been little change in the attitudes of civilian communities in Southern states. The colored man in uniform receives nothing but hostility from community officials. The colored man in uniform is expected by the WarDepartment to develop a high morale in a community that offers him nothing bu t shame and mistreatment. Military training does not develop a spirit of cheerful acceptance of Jim-Crow laws and customs. The War Department has failed to secure to the colored soldier protection against violence on the part of civilian police and to secure justice in the courts in communities near-by to Southern stations. In the areas recently inspected, the colored soldier feels that he can secure justice in the civil courts. He has not been set upon by the civilian police. He has not been denied the privilege of occupying empty seats in public buses, street cars, etc. taxicabs to serve him. This is not so in Southern communities.President Roosevelt, Executive Order 9066, February 25, 1942Whereas the successful prosecution of the war requires any possible protection against espionage and against sabotage to depicted object-defense material, national-defense premises, and national defense utilities.I hereby authorize and direct the Secretary of War, and the Military Commanders whom he may from era to time designate, whenever he or any designated commander deems such action necessary or desirable, to prescribe military areas in such places and of such extent as he or the appropriate Military Commander may determine, from which any or all mortals may be excluded, and with respect to which, the beneficial of any person to enter, remain in, or leave shall be subject to whatever restrictions the Secretary of War or the appropriate Military Commander may impose in his discretion.Korematsu v. joined States, 1944. Mr. Justice Murphy, dissentingThis exclusion of all persons of Japanese ancestry, both alien and non-alien, from the Pacific Coast area on a justification of military necessity inthe absence of martial law ought not to be approved. Such exclusion goes over the very brink of positive ply and falls into the ugly abyss of racism.Individuals must not be left impoverished of their constitutional rights on a plea of military necessity that has uncompl ete substance nor support.Being an obvious racial discrimination, the order deprives all those within its scope of the equal protection of the laws as guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment. It further deprives these individuals of their constitutional rights to live and work where they will, to establish a home where they choose and to move about freely. In excommunicating them without benefit of hearings, this order also deprives them of all their constitutional rights to adjective due process. Yet no reasonable relation to an immediate, imminent, and impending public danger is evident to support this racial restriction which is one of the most move and complete deprivations of constitutional rights in the history of this nation in the absence of martial lawCongressman Rankin, Mississippi, February 18, 1942I know the Hawaiian Islands. I know the Pacific coast where these Japanese reside. Even though they may be the third or fourth generation of Japanese, we cannot trust them. I know t hat those areas are teeming with Japanese spies and fifth columnists. Once a Jap always a Jap.You cannot change him. You cannot make a silk purse out of a fecundates ear.Do not forget that once a Japanese always a Japanese. I say it is of vital importance that we getrid of every Japanese whether in Hawaii or on the mainland. They violate every sacred promise, every canon of honor and decency. This was evidenced in their diplomacy and in their bombing of Hawaii. These Japs who had been there for generations were making signs, if you please, guiding the Japanese planes to the objects of their inequity inorder that they might destroy our naval vessels, murder our soldiers and sailors, and blow to pieces the helpless women and children of Hawaii. cursed them Let us get rid of them nowFranklin D. Roosevelt, Fireside Chat on the Home Front, October 12, 1942In order to keep stepping up our production, we have had to carry millions of workers to the total labor force of the Nation. And a s new factories come into operation, we must find additional millions of workers. This presents a formidable problem in the mobilization of manpower. It is not that we do not have enough people in this country to do the job. The problem is to have the right numbers of people in the right place at the right time.In some communities, employers dislike to employ women. In others they are reluctant to hire Negroes. In still others, senior men are not wanted. We can no longer afford to indulge such prejudices or practices.Women are welders sic discuss the production of motor mounts and welded separate in a welding booth at the Inglewood, Calif., plant of North American Aviation, Inc. 1942. National Archives and Records Administration.President Roosevelt, Executive Order 8802, June 25, 1941WHEREAS it is the form _or_ system of government of the United States to encourage full participation in the national defense program by all citizens of the United States, regardless of race, creed, c olor, or national origin, in the unwavering belief that the democratic way of life within the Nation can be defended successfully only with the help and support of all groups within its bordersWHEREAS there is evidence that available and needed workers have been barred from employment in industries engaged in defense production solely because of considerations of race, creed, color, or national origin, to the damage of workers morale and of national unityNOW, THEREFORE, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the statutes, and as a prerequisite to the successful conduct of our national defense production effort, I do hereby reaffirm the policy of the United States that there shall be no discrimination in the employment of workers in defense industries or government because of race, creed, color, or national origin, and I do hereby declare that it is the duty of employers and of labor organizations, in furtherance of said policy and of this order, to provide for the full and equitable participation of all workers in defense industries, without discrimination because of race, creed, color, or national origin