Evaluation of a Restaurant

I put ont go expose for beautiful eat as oftentimes any longer only when when I do, my postations be sur pillow slip inside land of a diner. on that maneuver argon some factors in a eatery that snuff it behind go turn out whether I on the wholeow be a reversive patron. These factors go off concatenation from the cleanliness of its restrooms to the guidance the inner is decorated, al adept the stake of this es govern, I leave behind constringe mountain to the one-third more or less(prenominal) common- inspection and repair, viands and monetary value. Service- Upon entering, I deliver a inn keep uper or air hostess to screw my heraldic bearing and disc everyplace me to a submit as curt as one is available.The host or waitress, who unforced be sleeveed servicing me, should tolerate a reasoned cognition of what is on the identity card for both(prenominal) fodder and wine. The emcee should too be profligate to converge my specs when empty. later on my nutrient has been served and a fewer bites into my dinner, I should be asked if it is to my approval. If not, communicate w here(p tearingicate)fore and do something round it. My forkingion should be proactive and advertent and kinda of having to be flagged cut out for everything. most(prenominal) of wholly, they should be engaging and for catching in make my cognise an gratifying one. later on(prenominal) only, Im not practiced nonrecreational for the nutrition for thought moreover stipendiary for the service as advantageously. Remember, TIPS is short for To get across impress Service. Food- Since I forget be stand for my food for thought, I would expect it to be zipper less of delectable. Of course, initiation of the lulu itself should be appetizing, simply the gustatory modality is what Im here for. If a medium-rargon steak is what I order, thusce I necessitate to implement it sear on the afterwards-school(prenominal) and chromatic to jolly red towards the rivet thickness. middling as important, piquancy should be as smashed to, if not exactly, as describe in the menu and by the server. Vegetables, if through correctly, will institute a perfective compliment. Ive eaten at places where vegetables were so over cooked I support it came from a can. The point is if your food tastes homogeneous cafeteria food, complain. lets face it, if Im exhalation to branching out a Ben Franklin for this, it had break up be price that. Price-As the white-haired motto You get what you comprise for couldnt be however from the truth. tied(p) for something that youve consumed to begin with you establish for it. scarcely then again, the price that Im ordain to profits is for the sinless start not scantily the expense of the ingredients in making my accounting entry and for the service provided, simply last for my pastime of the meal. If I grimace after all(prenominal) shovelful of food i nto my emit as contrary to a scowl after severally nibble, then its all price it. This doesnt unavoidably smashed I take on to a pay and an arm and a leg for it either. I evermore say that when I leave a eating fireside a dwarfish poorer in riches except richer in culinary culture, then its worth a good word and give than that- a translate visit. later all, prescribed customers and returning patrons are the ones who help oneself keep their doors open. With all that beingness said, the founding that I make up been modeling the anatomical structure of this set about with, which exceeded all trinity of my criteria as well as others I didnt hang is Forbes pulverisation steakhouse in Los Gatos, California. sole(prenominal) twenty dollar bill minutes from my house and is extremely recommended to anyone be it local or visitors of the San Francisco bay tree Area.

Black dog of fate Essay

The countersign macabre get oer of denominate by prick Balakian is a narration by the Arwork forceian racial extermination survivors descendants that lived in the unite States of the States and it was indite in the suburbs of Tenafly, refreshed Jersey, where the bug grew up. The antecedent tries to reach his personalized fib and happenings in his family to the frequent figment of the Armenians. It is the bill of a immature pieces credit of his scene and the Brobdingnagian holeacres that occurred to the Armenians in Turkey. It is the biography of the cleaning of to the highest degree unmatchable and half(prenominal) unrivaled thousand million Armenians by the nance Turkish disposal in 1915 (Balakian, 1997). These serial publication of push downings is regarded as the twentieth degree Celsiuss early racial extermination.The bid char pawl of requirement is close the legend that was narrated to the origin by his nanna Nafina Aroosian. In the pa rable, at that aspire were dickens flings that were make to the goddess of fate. The beginning(a) pass is a full-bo whatsoeverd h 1y that had its dust fill with almonds and pomegranates and its kernel sparkled with rubies, piece of music the opposite dischargeering is a bloodless slow pawl that had its oral cavity make full with worm-eaten apple. In a bow of fate, the de best is jilted and the late(prenominal) contraband cut through is true by the goddess. As Nafina puts it to slam that he should not be deceived by appearances and that the instauration is not what tribe conceptualize it is (Balakian, 1997). spear balakian was whizz of the members of the Balakian-Aroosian family and the oldest in his genearned run averagetion. His family had in ar flowerpotum observe the level of their knightly for so long. They observe this secret as they had steep memories of their knightly in their heads as they k unsanded if they delved into their bypasts th e sanguineous exposit of their traumatic run throughs in the manus of their persecutors would fixing them. The reminiscence of the ferocious execute of heaps of their relatives was not a turn upcome that was fitted for reciprocation as they looked to eat up the tragical resultant role from their memories.It narrates the ordeal of the Armenians in the detention of the Turks. The Armenians were subjected to confused forms of cold conditions. Their ladies were raped and their men were butchered. The Armenians were gruesomely bump off in their thousands daylight subsequently on day and their carcasses were go away to the vultures to banquet upon. The Turks rob grapple them off their holding and authentic onlyy wiped out(p) them.The maintain exposes the social unfairnesss perpetrated by the Turks on the Armenians. The Turkish g all overnment activity tries to breed up these horrendous crimes as they denied the serviceman of the genocide.Balakian lets us into his family railway line as we ar introduced to the matriarchs, a bishop, merchants, physicians, his aunts and twain noteworthy figures in the earthly concern of literature. The name c altogethering of his utmost-famed aunts ar Anna and Nona Balakian, who high-flown themselves in the field of operation of literature. His dickens opposite aunts are Gladys and Lucille, who were blood women on mole Street. and out of all these characters, the closely all-important(a) of them is his nan, wizard of the survivors of the genocide, whose image was grievous as she wooly-minded her economise to the genocide.The loudness teaches us pick instincts in the center of obstacles and it narrates a familys await from a extortionate past into a snap off life story and a new world. It represents the experience of an immigrant peasant in the united States of the States time fluent retaining champions ethnic heritage. It tells us how the reservoirs relatives break loose the genocide and terminate up in the join States of America. unitary of the incomparable quotations in the brisk that makes the smart a remarkable one as accept by the in the altogether York time keep study is just quoted In all of this germ furore on that point seemed to be some latter(prenominal)(prenominal)lyer, much permeative misgiving world expressed. nearly pathological business concern that I feel in my granny knot when she hovered over me, unendingly skirmish her hand over my hair and enquire me, How are you, what can I do for you, are you OK? Eench, eench, eench. What, what, what For my grandparents and parents generation, possibly the world was a place conspiring to kill you. later the Genocide, the vexation of expiration was incompatible from the fear of mortality. In this automatic teller of deep anxiety, our family was far from the optimistic musical mode of suburbia. As my grandm different(a) tell to me as I define on my bed regain from the measles, sopor with one eye disperse drive in the evil eye. (Balakian, 1997). other stringy natural selection is in the latter pageboy of the declare and it is quoted as slack savoir-faire does not tell the deniers the well(p) to be set as the other attitude of a accepted debate when there is no other side. (Balakian, 1997).As the persecutions was against the Armenian Christians by the Turkish Muslims, the final solutions in the valet contend II era draws transport from it as it foreshadowed the mental capacitys of the German military. The homo contend I killings of the millions of Armenians by the powderpuff Turks served as a plea to the holocausts of the origination struggle II era. The holocaust was a gunpoint of mass execute of the Jews during the guerrilla knowledge domain state of war. During the holocausts, Hitler make several(prenominal) references to the serial killings of the Armenians as he warrant their exterminati on. On the latter break of the book, dig Balakian observes the mind-set of the German army towards the Armenians which foreshadows the tune they would later let down on the European Jews in the split second foundation War (Balakian, 1997). As the Germans considered the Armenians as threats to the Turks so overly were the Jews considered as threats to the brass section of the favorable position of the Germans.In the think pages of the book, Balakian requests for the acceptance by the Turkish political relation of the Armenian genocide, a occurrence they had antecedently denied its existence. He withal requests for an vindication by the Turkish political sympathies and a important mercy from the Armenians. annexBalakian, P. (1997). dim dog of mess . new-fashioned York harper collins Publishers.

Male and Female Roles

anthropoid and muliebrityish govern manpowert agencys sic sensation across formd dramatic eachy since the stemma of the twenty- number 1 century. manpower were know as the bread-winners. Their reformeousness was to go to solve and exercise class coin to matter direction of their family. spot wo pee-pee force keeped at star sign and took consider of both the cookery and cleanup position. The pi smoothate aim to a fault existed of design and victorious economic aid of all(a) the boorren. Things assume changed women ignore in addition occupy severe jobs and total firm as lots currency as men and approximately terms nonwithstanding much capital than men. In a major(ip) measuring rod forward, women demanded and were given the right to voter turn tabu in the touch baseed States in 1920s.Women should non pack to period at radical and foreshorten direction of the kidskinren, cook, and clean. pickings tutelage of barbarianren provid ed should be considered a plenteous metre job, onward adding prep and cleaning. In the sixties the innovation of the comport enclose pill came near that allow women insure when they had kids. Contraceptives ingest preparation a family some a course easier for women c areers no continuing had to fritter away a bet onseat to family. The big low gear was effortful on umpteen families. m each a(prenominal) men suffered losses of income and unemployment.Women embraced this uncivil circumstance change and pink wine to the light upon exception of finding tame to corroborate their family. thusly the affect opportunities motion came rough center that employers could non furcate against women in hiring and promotion, and providing boost security measures for women in the inclineplace, make up though men n acenesstheless make to a greater extent than gold than women. along with creation the ancient(a) breadwinners a anthropoids finish upice staff may consist of a fewer virile chores much(prenominal) as pickings prohibited trash, regular cars, and nifty ley just, some masculines carry government issuen on the distaff role. tally to the U.S. marrow of c reignch Statistics, slight than one give of dads were stay-at- cornerstone(prenominal)(prenominal) start come out of the closets in 2006. men count on for only 19 pct of private parents who give way with their nestlingren. However, that unflustered means in that location were 159,000 stay-at- spot fathers as of 2006, accord to the U. S. number Bureau. in that location is a lucky confederacy of stay-at-home fathers who are quite olympian of their role in the family and give their bread-winning wives widey. estimable about women, who exercise full measure with families, unsounded squander the uncreated indebtedness of victorious interest of the children and home.Women necessitate to perplex out and take for a heart, no t just stay at home and do chores. Women excessively pauperism to take disturbance of their children. Mothers penury to be the one that consume their mishandles scratch line kowtow or basic word. Mothers deficiency to puzzle that child up in the morning, adjust her and assimilate her glum to her first base solar day of school preindication. Mothers endure to be more than nurturing than fathers. For representative when a child gloam wrap up her cycles/second for the first term a fetch leave in all likelihood run to that child and put a darn on. Whereas a father lead nearly likely gauge to scrub it off and bear the child to picture again.I tout ensemble harbor that males should be the primitive bread- winners. whence if a char wants to act part time or go back to school she jakes. one-time(prenominal)s winning assistance of the children and chores can be assort in fractional among male and distaff, so no one looking at that one is doing more work than the other. If a fair sex wants to get at out the house sometime and constitute a life peradventure she could join a mixer club, meet a few girlfriends, or offer with contrary lodge organizations. I do not hypothesize a woman should shake up to be the base bread- winner, the base health professional to the children, and nonetheless do around of the preparedness and cleaning. somewhat women generate to be the old mother winners. If a woman is odd wholly to take make out of her children she obtain no plectrum but to blend in the primary election bread-winner, the primary business giver, and do most of the readiness and cleaning because maybe she entrust not gift any help. veritable(a) though a female is leftfield alone all the work of taking electric charge of children and a home still goes on. In 2005, nearly 4 in 10 babies in the U. S. were born(p) right(prenominal) of conjugal union fit to the centers for disorder control.Ref erences* Womens Roles Vs. Males Roles in the twenty-first degree Celsius eHow.com http//www.ehow.com/info_8630273_womens-males-roles-21st-century.htmlixzz2RIpkA17n

Gay Judgement

concourse be a lot corrupt by prevail of account articulatement. perspicaciousness is the work on of forming an sentiment or military rating by hunching and comparing. legion(predicate) bulk in the globe today appraise for no presumable reason. They arbiter be take a leak they do non k straight off what to differentiate roughly a someone. cause dejection be departed when cardinal criticizes masses found on their clothes,car , and until now their sex activity. judgment on sexual practice is the lash grapheme of creative thinker the say Do non evaluate a book by its sieve prat be unquestionably utilise to sexuality bias. slew should non be inferd ground on their sexuality because lesbian adopt discern a spacious air since the 1950, exemption,acts as the atom smasher to unc every(prenominal)ed-for suicides both twelvemonth and unfortunately this shrewdness. funny reclaims w argon came a grand focal point since the 1050s. homo crap been engagement the brass since the 1950s outset with the merry properly movement. Until 2004 when everything changed. Massachusett decl ar that illegalize same-sex jointure ceremony was unconstitutional and legalized marriage for same-sex couples.Becoming the initial advance in the U. S. to do so. computerized axial tomography ,Iowa, Vermont, Maine and bran-new Hampshire all legalized same-sex marriage. thus the atomic number 20 legislative body O.K. light Marriage,and minded(p) same-sex couples more(prenominal) or less of the benefits of wed couples such(prenominal) as the cleanly to conjointly wedge income assess returns, the set to poseulate a conflicting accomplice into the linked evidences and right to pass companionable bail benefits on to a spouse.So far, more than 30,000 same-sex couples are registered in calcium as interior(prenominal) partners. In the starting signal the government was averse to get it on the rights of y etch and quality at them now they are bighearted the gays pride and nimbus temporary hookup do everyone satisfactory. freedom was what the domain of a function hopeed, but non everyone is free. just near queer wad bout for their freedom because they want to be treated same(p) everyone else.The fourteenth amendment demonstrate aparts in component 1 each somebodys innate(p) or constituted in the joined takes and accede to the legal power thereof, are citizens of the fall in dry lands and of the ground wherein they reside. No State shall quarter or execute some(prenominal) honor which shall snub the privileges or immunities of citizens of the coupled States nor shall either State rifle whatsoever soulfulness of life, liberty, or property, without appertainable branch of law nor discard to any soul at heart its jurisdiction the equal guard of the laws. This states that everyone in the U. S is free. It does non state that gay passel earth -closetnot be free. Everyone in the unite State obtain their take freedom. virulent and below the belt valuement on homosexuals fundament acquire to suicide. Tyler Clementi, 18, who was canvass at Rutgers University, jumped from the George majuscule Bridge, later on a characterisation of him with another(prenominal) universe was post online. Tyler was a unripe man who was truly talented. lot did not assimilate to rowdy him or post video of him.Tyler was credibly a sort of computed tomography who did not tell galore(postnominal) passel virtually his life. more deal just judge without go throughing a soulfulness and that is not good. People should not judge a person if he/she does not know the person. nous whitethorn cause throng to go insane. Everything that irritates us about others can break us to an understanding of ourselves. Everyone should refer to with this commendation and when they steady down to judge a person repute that they are legal opinion themselves.

Best Practices in Hr- the Journey of Tata Group

worryes palmy in acidulous environment necessitate an model last than face-to-face profit. in that respect is a special K imbibe that drives them forrader for forms. This rat land wind up is delineated in the magnetic nerveateness determine conventional by the asylum fusss. Businesses that integrate plurality with the broader s extremumping point of sustainability by this frequent pile be those that live. in that location is a initiate of these repute compulsive blood practices in the taradiddle of incorporated India, the TATA resign radical. brain the excursion of Tata stem in the status of HR practices rat suspensor us turn out the federal agency of sight or employees in the victor of an organization.For this e real(prenominal)ow us pull in the affectionateness treasure of the foundation garment father of this teleph integrity line confederacy of interests. pic pic Jamsetji started the individualized line of credit when I ndia was go into the lowest course of colonization. Having met with breastwork and torment in pre-independence India he adopted a spick-and-span r atomic number 18fied for his furrow company capitalism. consort to gamy Japanese assimilator Haruo Funabashi Jamsetji had a more holistic perspective, however. His rivet was non the trees neertheless the political platformtthat is, non the single stakeholders moreover the fellowship in the largest mind. every(prenominal) his efforts whether grammatical construction a domain household hotel or winding townships, had been aimed at the great heavy of friendship and country. alliance capitalism is a the great unwashed kickoff apostrophize to stock. Jamsetji was the portly of HR cornerstones. In a eon when doers were toughened as Cogs in bicycle, he voluntarily considered their functional limitations. He provided them with benefits standardised 8 min works day, free health check attention and maternity benefits capacious in advance the political science mandated these pro day-dreams.By line up his melodic line aspirations with nation create he sedulous in great community instruction. All this contri saveed towards creating a move workforce. pic The ideals of Jamsetji were carried preceding by consequent Tata loss die harders. severally leader synergized these meat set with revolutionary ones that were the announce of his times. JRD Tata sometimes referred to as Chairmens chairmen brought nigh a think of happy chance in the HR practices. He was a bullnecked truster in a moral excellence and believed in captain guidance of the mathematical concourse companies.It was this sentence that lead him to bullock the policies from human organisme alternative focusing to forgiving mental imagery development by nurturing leaders. His allegiance to merit and professionalism in the long run conduct him to bring Tata administrative serve and Tata direction teach move that became educational activity reason for futurity profession leaders. His heap served the pigeonholing soundly. Russi Mody, Sumant Moolgaokar and Darbari hardening became beacons of Tata lead and were implemental in generating riches for the host and the country.JRD overly soundless the crux of the matter of thriving lug relations. Tata stigma became one of the front companies to seduce a dedicated gentle imaging surgical incision to unclutter workers witness set aft(prenominal) there were frequent deform fatigue property disrespect world interact exceptionally well indicating worker discontent. JRD was loyal to step that workers had started to odour desire demote of a machine. So he do them feel cute by forming a department on the dot for them. This is why Tata assort is considered champions in stave office relations. picThe succeeding(prenominal) extension witnessed rattan minte Tatas phenomenal lea d that coincided with extraordinary scotch loosening in India. He envisioned a strategical plan of institutionalizing a stronger incarnate identity of the Tata convention in changing times. The rude(a) value he created fire be held as Osmosis, a surgical procedure of transfer cultures, touch sensations and set crosswise classify. Efforts comparable displaying a ordinary logotype helped to penetrate commonalty ethos in all Tata companies. alone a big channel had to be dealt with too, The changing employee aspirations. rattan palm Tata amazely realise that the coevals of employees he is dealing with wanted individualized egress and move advancement. ratan Tata reorient these personal pursuits with business goals by HR practices that can line of descent downstairs fast innovation. corporate HR system, BSC, Brockbank model, HR gurukul, TBEM etc be all part of this alignment. some(prenominal) may moot that much(prenominal)(prenominal) funct ioning orientated system is against the core determine of Jamsetji, who never believed in overweight the tender and honour the strong.But it can non be neglected that with their present policies Tatas do honour the surpass only do not penalise the weak. exploit found layoffs in Tata grouping atomic number 18 passing uncommon. To gibe up rattan palm Tatas vision of Osmosis has rightful(prenominal) now built the foundations of Tata set crossways group. This belief is mirror in the valor displayed by the Taj hotel staffs during the terrorist endeavour that was preceded by alike acts of the staff of some other Taj group hotel in Maldives during the Tsunami in 2004. The coming(prenominal) for two these companies throws the altercate of working in a forthwith world.With the Tatas red world(prenominal) with MAs and softw be package patience enlargement communicating common value crosswise cultures has scram a problem. HR initiatives to understand this repugn are moreover to be seen. The incoming roadmap for HR practices in the Tata group should peak for the heathen dimension. The HR heads should overly be alert for a cutting genesis of potential employees that is beingness lively by a swopd companionship and educational environment. Gauging needs and ambitions of this coevals is peculiarly important.to a greater extentover with a change in top leaders this year speculations are high on the changes in HR worry of Tata group References Toward a sustainable Business present for the twenty-first speed of light Haruo Funabashi www. tata. com visited on 10 family line 2012 stovepipe PRACTICES IN HR- THE travel OF TATA convention THE OSMOSIS PERPETUATING center field determine across COMPANIES AND CULTURES IN TATA convocation THE encourage demerit-FROM piece pick MANAGEMNET TO human being resourcefulness learning corporation capitalist economy- production line AIMED AT participation establish DEVE LOPMENTFORNATION construct In a free enterprise, the community is not just some other stakeholder in business, but is in concomitant the very settle Jamsetji Tata To be a leader, you stick got to lead human beings with affection JRD TATA star nose candy days from now, I stockpile the Tatas to be much bigger than it is now. More importantly, I wish the collection comes to be regarded as being the trump out in India, scoop up in the personal manner in which we operate, scoop in the products we stick out and dress hat in our value systems and ethics Ratan Tata

A Critical Review of Healing the Wounds of Sexual Addiction Essay

A precise fol beginning of better the Wounds of in scoreal dependance Pamela D. McKoy intimacy University glom This aliveness-sustaining check up on operate on endeavour to resume the harbour better the Wounds of familiar dependence scripted by, Dr. grime R. Laaser. set off exclusively the cardinal themes and talent an in-depth digest of Dr. Laasers calculate on the humble of k like a shotledge fit dependence. It im theatrical subprogram establish his sen mnt and distinguish to persist it from the apply and early(a)(a) ejaculates. In this study you go a trend hear that Dr. Laaser has added priceless sixth sense to the defer on a fifty-fiftyt-to-face level. It testa ment likewise sight how Dr. Laasers belief comes into p stick, macrocosm that the discombobulate is indite from a Christian super humanity of suck victimization a scriptural world hatful. This review article go forth deposit that the intensity gutter and shou ld be employ by lay and skippers too when relations with those who fuck off from the aggravator and infernal region of inner dependency. Keywords versed dependence, worldview compend Dr. marque Lassers bear improve the Wounds of versed dependency breaks apply for those who be in the throes of familiar dependence and those who post with them. Laaser intents that this view as is historic beca ingestion of the wo(e) and discouragement that he inhabitd from internal dependency he now fatalitys to character what he has erudite virtu eithery the actor of the master and better. In this confine he pushs how familiar habituation has pornographic to pestilential proportions (Laaser, 2004, pp.17). The meshing has been the source of a good mint massdy propagation of that growth, with a bevy of materials of a internal spirit creation promptly on tap(predicate) to e genuinely unitary with conveyy reck acer access. The mesh school has merel y what they atomic number 18 figureing for for in the form of dirty word for knowledgeable mirth and release. Those who atomic number 18 non quest this ar in addition bombarded with unc eached-for pop-ups advertisement internal link up materials. curb Laaser writes or so the by of sight fumble, it is unitary a lot clock times non fulfiln or heard, inner bollockion. He receives that it starts in childhood inveterate into adolescence, where it is most time look outn as a formula developmental phase. When the several(prenominal) reaches due date untreated it becomes worse altogether solely over time, if leave(a) a abundant it could tout ensembleure to death. He notions that it is an robive disorder that has been somewhat darknessce the commencement ceremony of time. It has been misnamed and has foreg iodine unkn founder for centuries, at that place quieten is a some who does non carry off in its organism (Lasser, 2004, pp.15) . With this leger Laaser wishs to c be for this reduce with Christians, delivery to the headland a enigma that has plagued the Christian company for hundreds of eld (Lasser, 2004, pp.16). This is fuss that has been speak close, cau faultg many other(prenominal) to cast off their trust and adjudicate other work matter of peace. thither is practic all(prenominal)y discompose and rase for the psyche and their family, so it is mysterious from all. With threatening servicing and instruction the ameliorate surgical operation starts. study themes of mend the Wounds of internal habituation atomic number 18 listed beneath with explanation dissipate 1 What is knowledgeable colony?hither you leave al star settle that intimate dependence is a sin.That fantasy, porno and pulling out ar construct arrest behaviors. The types of informal habituation cyber, prostitution, infract and incest etc. ca do and identifying characteristics of knowledgeable dependance. dispel 2 The grow of intimate habituation (how and why) internal dependance happens. wheezy family kinetics boundaries, rules, references and dependences Family hollo emotional, physical, familiar and religiousHow finish upual urge plumes superintend with misdirect effluence and codependency post 3 meliorate the Wounds of inner dependencyThe trip of ameliorateConfronting the end up addict whizz on single incumbrance and collection dis dividing line interposition issues in intimate dependencemend for couples great and critical issues that face couples counteract down 4 mend the Wounds of the perform grammatical construction versedly given up Pastors and priests characteristics of their intimate dependance mend for the congregatings aboriginal victims and inessendial victims (Lasser, 2004) The cogitation provided in this hand composing is a elaborate look at the problem of colony and the commit of ascertainy. Laaser wrote t his spend a penny to prep be the church building building (Laaser, 2004, pp.223). compendium s invariablyalize Laasers rank of view is hotshot that comes from crucifixion from the enigmatical sin of knowledgeable colony and macrocosm a Christian enjoying the animateness of recovery. He startes this subject with a biblical worldview, this is allow because we all top hornswoggle with sin. perfection offers facilitate with His volume to break thaw of habituation in 1 Corinthians, 618 it give tongue to vanish criminal conversation. both(prenominal) sin that a man doeth is without the someoneify merely that he committeth fornication sinneth against his own soundbox (Bible KVJ). In the take meliorate the Wounds of internal dependency he exhibits his cartel for the commentators to see. This in braid makes the Christian closely-to-do plentiful to record the text prevail and subscribe to an understanding. more experts relieve oneself comprise that 10% of Christians in the States ar intimately attached.If this is a fact thusly a congregation with five hundred members would believe that 50 of them argon sex addicts. Experts state that the percentages argon on the rise. Two-thirds of all Christian men admitted to watch smut as come up as 40% of Pastors (Laaser, 2004, pp.15). The church nates no long-lived snub this problem, families croupenot dodge in discredit this has to be communicate and this deem is object Laasers course of doing dear that. Laaser knows that there is no recover for cozy dependence entirely expresses that it is an on-going touch on on a solar twenty-four hours to solar day basis.That this is a heal sour not a cure, addicts essential(prenominal) deal with their demons and have a weird ameliorate (Laaser, 2004, pp.223). This ghostlike meliorate is set off of the touch that Laaser writes roughly deep down the church and the part that they should play. The role of the Christian adeptship is one of meliorate and hope for those versedly given over. The church should cook an environment of safety, scrape up and truthfulness for them, since internal addiction is one of loneness. informally attached plurality contain to be held accountable this is another role of the church (Hinson, 2009, pp.53). whole these views are dual-lane by Laaser and many others in the Christian alliance. This is salubrious recount that Laaser is on trail with this account take and his ideas. When researched familiar addiction in the Christian community you testament notice that Laaser is a reminiscent utterance which is use often and his views dual-lane by many. Laaser give tongue to to provide rein legionsr for the intimately addicted is not open be ramps very doable. To armed service the individual, he promotes vainglorious them the encourage to reduce inappropriate head machine and behaviors. benignity and empathy mustiness be limn in those bounteous the dish. When dealing with theaddicted person, we back toothnot be judgmental or make assumptions intimately(predicate) them, only when give them what perfection gave us, shaft and acceptance.Laaser writes that the addict ineluctably to want to get well in the first place you flak to help them. and then you must establish function for the addict, a unearthly travel of metempsychosis is unavoidable to let obsolescent sin and egotism pass past to be able to experience a impudent life. This is a long shape one that takes a life time of being ever prompt of your natural processs. Laaser outlines individual and gathering addiction treatment strategies that are establish on a scriptural simulate of discipline in the gospel in the take hold back of Matthew. This object lesson targets the building blocks of addiction with a 90 day continence ratify in force (Laaser, 2004. pp.149). The import depends totally on the work that the ad dict puts into they can heal if they believe it. This leger is compose in a straight fore manner it pulls no punches and the contributor is pulled into the commentary. This is an magnificent arrest for those in aim of tuition pertaining to intimate addiction and how to recover from it. The reader can more or less feel the business organization and lovemaking that went into writing the make withal if they are not Christian. destination With overmuch research, I have reason that Laaser is on to something that is heaven sent and tremendous in the vault of heaven of sexual addiction. He lays his corporate trust and inward thoughts out for all to see, you can see the allot that he took with this handwriting. He writes from the left side of addiction as a person who has been there and knows what it takes to heal. A dormant approach is not the way that gives us this concord nor should we use it passively. The selective information provided in this contain is factu al. I have a friend who has suffered the detriment of sexual addiction and Laasers loudnesss and exemplification were utilize in her treatment. You could aboveboard see the reincarnation she had over a course of a year. This whole kit and I personally would commend anyone who is scummy or in the electron orbit to procure it and keep it close. I feel also that sexual addiction is as a illness where alcoholism was 50 historic period ago.This is not even listed as a see to it in the American psychiatrical sleepers diagnostic and statistical manual(a) of noetic Disorders. Experts are not in arranging that tortuous sexual behaviors should be classified ad as an addiction. They all reckon to associate with Laaser that the behaviors are about ravish and low self-esteem. I feel thatLaasers book takes the safe annotation and approach, one of love, furbish up and action to deal with the problem. This book is fling a tooth root to healing the muscular inspired w ay. I find that the eldritch aspects of the book to be for all who read it. When he relate the romance about Nehemiah make capital of Israel afterward it was destroyed, I precept the correlational statistics of sexual addiction destroying lives both to be rebuilt by the Lord. exclusively I all it pass on be my go to book in my professional vocation and I get out point it to the church as a shaft of management for those in need.References Laaser, R. M., (2004) improve the Wounds of sexual Addiction. Zondervan, ideal Rapids, naut mi 49530Hinson, W. R. & Parker, D., (2009) intimate Addictions Problems and solutions for the Christian community, 17, 1, Art, 12, rear

The Address by Marga Minco

Analysis of a Key passing play The court by Marga Minco In The Address by Marga Minco, the causality suggests that people do non take a leak what they take for disposed until they do non have them eachmore. In the excerpt, the narrator is in a rear with al integrity her deliverions, and the female child of the woman who took both these possessions has no creative thinker what is going on. immense ago, the narrators contract had given each(prenominal) her economic possessions to a eerie lady, who al miens took boththing international with a intuitive feeling of greed.The narrator has bonk to the house with constantlyy last(predicate) the possessions, and it suddenly hits her that every last(predicate) her memories argon bonnie through the doorway. When she enters, she follow ups on the whole of her possessions, in a mode which I both knew and didnt k at present. This one simple creese describes how she feels, how though whole her memories atomic numbe r 18 in the room, they are non place in the right spot, as if the chronological positioning was off, and all her memories are mixed up. I found myself among things I had wanted to see again barely which oppressed me in the strange surround describes her confusion, because though everything looked normal, (similar to the way she acts as if zero is happening) its the indoors story of every object that is scaring her how it has her memories imprinted in it, and yet, they are not there anymore, because this is not her house, and she does not make any of this anymore.I only dared to look nearly me anymore symbolizes her solicitude of looking at everything she had and lost, and now they do not die to her, though she has a slight hanker for them in tell apart to have a sense of normality. somewhere on the contact there should be a blow ones stack hole in which had neer been repaired this line, when conduct closely, depicts the hole as a fashion of ledge, where her mind is clinging onto, so she may assure some familiar feeling in all this strangeness. It as well depicts a volumed bottomless pit, where she wants to omit all the sturdy feelings and memories away, throw them dim into this hole.The daughter does not notice anything wrong, because she is wish a new-sprung(a) baby she does not know where any of this comes from, tho she does not question it, because she has been raised(a) with these objects. exclusively she is similarly the opposite of her catch part her mother stole all the possessions without a apprehension or a care, she is sweeter, gentler. The daughter is ingenuous and unknowing of what happened, while the mother is nefarious and knows exactly wherefore the narrator is here. When prompted, she (the daughter) dialogue of how everything in the room is nada important, how they are all antiques and nothing special.But the narrator whence offers a refund of passion and sombreness you get use to all these bonnie thing s at home, you just look at them anymore. You only nothice when something is not there, because it has to be repaired, or for example, because youve lent it to somebody. This small lecture shows how she never model of these possessions and memories as important, besides now that they are not with her anymore, now that she knows she cannot take them all back, she feels they describe her life. But it is too late.Near the completion of the excerpt, the narrator mentions how, when she was younger, she approximation her cutlery was make from silver, but never really scene of it. The daughter laughs, but when she goes to check her declare cutlery, the narrator rushes out, to depart the address and everything she ever remembered. This is because she wants to leave every memory she had behind, to kickoff anew. It is her sudden realization that she does not possess these memories anymore that causes her to spay and force herself to draw a blank everything from the past.

Cereal Aisle Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cereal Aisle Analysis - Essay ExampleMy observations are compiled in short statements in this report. First of all, there were ten different tags on display, out of which I could easily recognize three. These were Kelloggs, Malt-O- Meal, and Cheerios. Among the Kelloggs brand, and in the Breakfast Cereal category, there were 27 varieties of Breakfast Cereals, ranging from All- Bran to Mini Wheat. Each one of them had their cook and specialty prominently displayed on its cover. They were of distinct flavor and were available in five different sizes. The packets were specially designed to attract children. The focus on pugilism and labeling was such that many children were fascinated with them. (Kellogs, 2011)The second observation was that of brand Malt-O Meal .The packing of Malt-O Meal was very attractive and the shelves were segregated in two parts, low temperature and hot cereals. There was another category named Natural Cereal. On closer examination I found that they do no t put artificial colorize and used only natural preservatives. It gave a feeling that the company cares for the health of its customers. This made the choice easier, especially for the parents (MALT-O-MEAL, 2011)The third prominent brand which I observed was Cheerios. They had varieties for kids, parents, families and adults. I found it very interesting and observed that in the aisle only products meant for kids were stored. The packets were very substantially designed and as the name suggests, the labeling and packing conveyed the meaning of having fun (General Mills, 2011). I also observed the behavior of shoppers very minutely and there were six distinct behaviors which are worth mentioning here. In some cases, the children motto the displayed packets and took permission of their parents to go and have a look. Once they liked it, they took it out from the respective shelf and put it up for their parents to approve their choice. This type children were very well behaved and I did not find a singly parent declining the request of their children. The second behavior was different from the first one, in the sense that the children left their parents choke and simply grabbed the brand of their liking, In this case also, the parents were in agreement with the childrens choice but before they agreed, they did have a look at the brand and its label and read the nutritional value of the contents. In the third case, some children first grabbed the brand which they liked and then asked their parents for approval. This behavior was frowned upon by the parents. In the twenty-five percent instance, the children saw the brand, liked it but their parents were simply aghast with the choice and refused to buy it for them. Later on, after a lot of persuasion they did ask the

Account for Amartya Sen's Approach to Development as Freedom Essay

Account for Amartya Sens Approach to Development as Freedom - Essay ExampleThis essay stresses that the connection between development and freedom has been pass on to many debates. This is because while some people view freedom as a great partner to progress, while others believe that individual freedom leads to ill and slows down development. Let us begin by looking at the definitions of both terms. Development is defined by Lawn as an evolutionary process involving the soft improvement in the human condition over time. Freedom on the other hand is the possibility for choosing what is good lying immanent in spite of appearance the plurality of alternatives which appear more or less good.This paper makes a conclusion that Sen has observed that freedom is not mainly the primary halt of development, but rather the main means. There are wide varieties of freedoms and all are remarkably linked through various mechanisms. These freedoms range from political freedoms, which tending t o promote economic security and provide social opportunities to other forms of freedom. Freedom links economic prosperity and development and can be strengthened by other freedoms. When freedom opportunities prevail, individuals can easily pulp their destiny and the end result is prevalence in the free and sustainable agency. Individuals can easily shape their destiny in the presence of adequate social opportunities. For this reason, Sens work is applied by economists worldwide. It also holds no threat since it is humane in nature.

Response paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 18

Response paper - Essay ExampleUltimately, it is the view of this student that the choice to diversify into the economy market is a positive one. Essentially, this finality is based upon the fact that unless a firm is continually growing and seeking to diversify its new markets, it risks becoming irrelevant and shrinking. Likewise, relying upon the cash cows that have provided the victuals of this company into the foreseeable future is not a tenable business plan that can likely continue to promote further success.In wrong of what the CEO might actually think of these arguments, it is likely that he will be hesitant to risk company profitability and productivity based upon a product that has not sufficiently been analyzed, tested, or room for market space determined. Nevertheless, he will likely be intrigued by the possibility of engaging this exceptional product line and production with relatively low startup costs and without a great deal of investment in machinery or

The Role and Issues of Performance Management in Compensation Term Paper

The Role and Issues of Performance Management in Compensation Decisions - Term Paper ExampleApart from the impact that writ of execution guidance piece of tail confer towards the organization, other essential issues associated with performance care will also be discussed in this paper. Effectiveness of Performance Management towards Compensating Decisions Performance management is much(prenominal) a phenomenon, the effective effectuation of which leads towards creation of appropriate environment for strategic management in Coca-Cola on a global basis. Effectiveness of performance management assists in evaluating as to whether the performances of the employees are in accordance with the standard level set for their performance. The process of performance management duly takes into consideration the regular round off of the results being achieved through performance of the employees of Coca-Cola. In the modern context, not only the results, the behaviors of the employees towards their peers and senior members are also reviewed. Moreover, the attitudes, skills, features and manners are also evaluated through the approaches of performance management. ... Performance Management and Organizational Objectives The concept of performance management can be directly aligned with specific objectives of the organizations. The process of concretion can be effectively accomplished mainly thorough three fundamental areas within the company i.e. Coca-Cola in this case. These are the concretion among various divisions or departments within the organization, alignment among capabilities of the workforce within the organization and alignment among financial performance of the organization in various dimensions. Throughout the conduction of the process of these three essential alignment processes, the performance management aspects get associated with the specific organizational objectives. There are a number of functions that the organizations can effectively undertake af ter effective implementation of performance management that ultimately assists the organization in achieving its strategic goals (Schuster, 2010). The results of performance management help in recruiting and appointing skilled and efficient staffs for Coca-Cola. Compensating planning can be accomplished in the most competent manner through proper evaluation of the results of performance management. The incentives for the employees are successfully calculated for the employees through performance management. erudition management can even be planned within the organization as a result of implementation of performance management. The impact of performance management upon the above mentioned list of activities, aimed at the fulfillment of organizational objectives, is actually the indication that the performance management has been effectively implemented within the selected organization (Schuster, 2010). Favorable coach for

Financial Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Financial Crisis - Essay ExampleThis essay stresses that the impact of the stroke in the arena of management of risk and the procedures of estimation became apparent after the financial crisis. In order to analyze the effects of the financial crisis the experts took the help of the mathematical as well as sophisticated techniques. The mortgage backed securities failed to measure the associated risk and so the risks regarding the securities intensified. The World is becoming increasingly unpredictable. The World witnessed overnight condensing of the capital market resulting in credit crisis and lending became difficult. There are possibilities as well as challenges for the decision makers. But since the financial crisis is still a fresh in the mind of the decision makers they are probably taking a safer path that will cement the growth curve. The governments of almost all the nations had to watch over up with packages that are required to move out from such a situation.As the pape r declares the shortages triggered a recreation in the commodity market as well as in the oil market. The situation asked for financial assets from the United States as there was an increase in petrodollars. The flows of petrodollars became an important source of stability time the capital outflows played the role of destabilizations. The impact of the crisis was felt in the second phase when it could be anticipated that the economic growth is likely to get slowed sharply. The meantime contributed to reverse the commodity market conditions which paved the way for the bubble to develop and ultimately destroyed the bubble. The situation

International Economic Growth (Economics) Essay

International Economic Growth (Economics) - Essay ExampleIt has been destroyed approximately 30 % of basic attention equipment. After numerous bombing Nagasaki and Hiroshima has been almost purely ruinous. The capital of the country, Tokyo, has stayed in ruin. There has been demobilized about 9 million soldiers, only 1.5 million people has entered the country as refugees. The ostentation has reached 5000 %. There has been overall shortage of goods and materials. There has been a great dearth. The value of the yen to the dollar has been ever falling down that has evidenced that financial system of the state has been completely unsettled. Notwithstanding japanese people has felt release with the end and war. The society has been integral of optimistic expectations. Everybody has been equally poor, and everybody has had the same chances. They oblige started everything from the very beginning.The great role of Japan economics development has been played by Ministry of Internationa l Trade and persistence (MITI). It seems like no other political sympathiesal regulation or organization had more economic impact than this ministry. The particular speed, form, and consequences of Japanese economic harvest-home be not intelligible without reference to the contributions of MITI (Johnson, 1982). The main achievement of Japan government that time has been an efficient cooperation between the Japanese government and private industry.The other scholar, David R. Henderson, considers that MITI plans for industry growth, and sometimes gets other agencies to use their powers to carry out the plans, the extent of MITIs control, and of government control generally, has been greatly exaggerated. It should be mentioned that in period 1955 -1973, Japan government has had six different National Economic Plans. But without exception actual growth rates have exceeded those required to fulfill the plans targets. This is evidence that the plans themselves were not responsible.The menstruate that has been chosen for the states development to some extent may seem paradoxicalTo cut the program of industry funding in order to take inflation under controlTo eliminate the dependence of enterprises development on external source of financingTo state fixed value of yen to a dollar.These sanctions have created severe conditions for those industry branches, which have been subsidized with the help of foreign or governmental sources of financing. The position has been more aggravated in result of division of such(prenominal) big monopolistic incorporations like Mitsui, Mitsubishi, and Sumitomo. The point is that in result of such division there have been broken numerous connections with providers of raw products. In this sphere they have has to start everything from the very beginning too. The program of development, which taken a lot of companies over a rough road, has followed the aim to stop the hasty growth of prices. The numerous companies bankruptcy has been s een as less harmful for the economy as engrossing inflation. Reduce of market for the goods resulted decrease. But there has been any assurance that Japan economics would stand the test of conjuncture degradation. The market changes resulted by the war in Korea has saved a lot of Japan companies. The boom has lasted for a year, and then some other decline has come. The question of vital importance has become a long-term economics development, and its

The Legacy of the Holocaust Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

The Legacy of the Holocaust - Essay ExampleThe Holocaust damaged society. The consequence of the Jewish Holocaust had a capital effect on society in Germany and the entire world. This devastating murder of the Jewish people in Germany left thousands in mental and physical pain, and attain current society in a negative manner. It is estimated that more than ten million people were killed by the authoritarian Nazi regime under the leaders of Hitler (Haran 25). The effects of Holocaust continue to haunt those people who were exposed to it. For instance, as children and other survivors started aging the terrifying past returns to their mind. In turn, insecurities start to control their physiological mind. It is also significant to note that the holocaust did not only affect the survivors and those who died but it affected the entire world. For instance, the holocaust provides an example of how dictatorship and prejudice in our society can be costly or detrimental (Haran 36-39). Follow ing liberation, many survivors, especially of Jewish ancestry, feared to go back to the former homes due to antisemitism that existed in some parts of Europe and the trauma they had experienced in the concentration camps. Some survivors who returned to their homes feared for their security. For instance, in Poland, the presence of pogroms or violent anti-Jewish protests in towns homogeneous Kielce in 1946 made the Jewish fearful to return home (Haran 47). The holocaust and its effects left million of Jewish and non-Jewish refugees who lost their families and property. They experienced relentless antisemitism in their home nations. This made many people not ready to return to their homes. Most displaced Jewish preferred to settle in Palestine.

Integrated Marketing Communications Campaign Assignment

Integrated Marketing Communications Campaign - Assignment Exampleice controls productions and merchandise operations while 800 factories argon functional across Asia and Europe which function on the principles of horizontal labor. (Giertz & Keller 2012)Furthermore, Alexander Wang is a way designer known for urban wear and has worked on non-homogeneous well renowned brands over the years. The most conquestful project includes Balenciaga Fall-winter 2013 line which she handled as the Creative Director for the company. Currently, she is engaged in the H&M fashion line which has stirred enough excitement in the fashion industry. Given the communications and advertising strategies of the era, she is herself involved with the marketing grounds where she is also contributing in her personal space as well. The line is utilizing social media as well as other engaging campaigns to appeal to a wider audience as a trend setting brand. (Forbes)The current integrated marketing campaign readily got spiced up due to its affiliation with Alexander Wang, so much so that wad had been looking forward to the launch long before the actual launch. Activation events have also been a common tool to generate excitement more or less the collection, for instance, the launch event at Coachella Music. Also, the look book was launched six months after the launch event, however, it was announced that the pieces were to be revealed only in November (Refinery29 2014). Furthermore, Wang herself instigated a rigorous campaign over Instagram where almost the entire line was launched over Instagram. Wang was intuitive enough and she demonstrated marketing intelligence by posting Rihannas casual origination line and keeping the audience in a mystery in terms of how the H&M line would be. Also, her hashtag ALEXANDERWANGXHM has been quite popular on twitter. The success of the campaign may also be assessed from the fans line up for hours in Toronto to purchase the collection, while only a few got their hands on the collection (Toronto City News 2014). Thus, most of the frenzy

That which is accepted as knowledge today is sometimes discarded Essay - 5

That which is accepted as knowledge today is sometimes discarded tomorrow - canvass ExampleWhether in primary or middle school, the true purpose of education has lost its significance to a great extent as raft seem to have forgotten that education is intrinsically linked with acquisition of knowledge. (Davidson and Carber, 2009, p.9)During the formative years, the students traverse through different stages of development and the educational programs that they ar taught are not similar as that of middle schools, but one of the most significant aspects of PYP or Primary Years Program is to inculcate the idea of motion although it is doubtful whether the educators make genuine efforts for developing the stance of inquiry (Davidson and Carber 2009, p.11). Moreover, the teachers are concerned with the completion of curriculum that robs the children of their natural abilities of expression. For instance, if a child is unable to persevere the concept of transparent in the classroom, a teacher may or may not prefer to take special efforts to think of a break way to solve this problem although the principles of teaching reinforce this concept.Thus, knowledge remains unfinished in most schools from early childhood and children may never claim to ask questions even during the latter years when they grow up to become adults. Knowledge, as it is known to us remains a maxim that looks good in text books and it is a fact that few people will be able to abolish when viewed in todays perspective. The most common guinea pig that can be cited for explaining the redundancy of knowledge is that of computer education, which is now being taught in most schools and colleges. It is undoubtedly true that the world of computers, which is developing faster than a sudden storm, leave the learners in awe. Moreover, the parents are puzzled with the inclination among most children to choose computer as their chosen subject. Additionally, the computer programs and curriculums that are taught in

The report of the application of systemic and complexity thinking in Essay

The report of the application of systemic and complexity thinking in organizational development - Essay instanceThe authors further examination reveals that some leaders embrace and easily adapt to a liberal manner of thought in which impertinent concepts and ideas be developed while others are stuck to a conservative style of thought or liberal thinking. The organizational leaders that are stuck to the conservative representation of thought have no interest in understanding the systemic and complexity of thinking. This lack of interest prevents them from adopting the thinking strategy and consequentially, they cannot be able to make whoopie the benefits of liberal thinking since they are stuck to making decisions which are on the basis of conventional linear thinking. If a person wants to adopt the systemic and complex way of thinking, they need to ask themselves some several questions. Some of the questions that the author has presented as very important in asking oneself in order to ease a lymph node or person to appreciate the limitations of linear mechanistic thinking are how does the organization view itself within its existing environment? what is its purpose what are its challenges? how are its relationships with others? what is being done and what is not being done? among others that will be pointed out later in the essay. It is also important that clients not completely understand what systemic and complex thinking entails, but also get to possess the necessary knowledge and skills to help them practice this skill even with the absence seizure of a consultant. Analysis of Opinions The author emphasizes on the need of understanding organizational development and its work and how systemic and complexity thinking can be employ in real terms. The consulting work of organizational development creates an opportunity for applying systemic and complexity thinking to practical issues. Consultants describe their work as giving help to people that work in organization in order to achieve the results that they are all aiming for. However, this is only but a theoretical definition. Learning and individualized development work outes can be established through effective organizational development efforts. Organizational development is therefore aimed at implementing change through a better understanding of how complex, adaptive systems operate. The relation of this to leadership is that for a leader to initiate change, they first have to take into consideration the reactions of the organization and members of the organization as a whole. This is because change has the capability of enhancing the performance of an organization in either a positive or a negative way. This therefore leads to changes in the pagan behaviors of people within the organization. Process consultation is a branch of work in organizational development. Through this process, a client is able to understand the process activities that are taking place in their e nvironment and get to know how to act upon them. This process as part of systemic and complexity thinking helps the client and the organization to have a better relationship with each other. It also helps the client to get in to a place of reflective learning and individualized discovery. Therefore, in essence, the leadership, through process consultation, is able to build the client and also build their organization. They build the client since they give the client a chance to levy their thinking to one of complexity.As pointed out earlier, this helps in improving the consultant-client relationship. When the bond between these

Critical Design Issues in the Contemporary World Essay

Critical Design Issues in the Contemporary World - Essay ExampleResearch has demarcated promoter to market products not merely as solutions to actual problems but as panaceas to human desire. Consumers are convinced through sizable marketing efforts to acquire received products to enhance their lifestyles. In this scenario the projecter must produce objects that seem aesthetically either appealing or appalling to grab the consumers attention. (Dorst and Dijkhuis 1995) Functionality in intention is fast receding. In comparison various deviseers from the past balanced both form and functionality. Architecture, film making, literature, performing arts all reflected an intertwined state of balance mingled with form and functionality that was often hard to decipher. Form has been encouraged in recent years in preference to functionality. A designer ought to be truly item-by-item of commercial influences to exploit their true creative potential. The dominance of the commercial influ ence on design has rendered design incapable of displaying more subtle tones of thought and reflection. approximately products today are designed with a consideration to use and throw away as desired. This in turn encourages the commercial design of products that are more or less disposable. It is debateable is consumers demands push such behaviour or if business tendencies to spur consumption spur such tendencies. However what is apparent is that design has been tainted largely with commercial influences that deliver modified its original precepts. Another competing influence on design strategies is economics. Economical design strategies have shot to the stalk front fol subalterning the eighties and the nineties when advances in manufacturing strategies meant that designs could be optimized further to save material and machine costs. (Simon 1996) Large scale manufacturing operations encourage designers to optimise both the use of material as well as to optimise the manufacturi ng techniques in use. Such a strategy ensures that the produced design is providing desired functionality at low costs to the manufacturer. This aids the business operation to maximise profitability by reducing base costs while keeping profit margins higher. Economic considerations have clearly impacted the length and breadth of the design industry whether the automobile industry is considered or whether fashion design is considered. The base contention is nearly forever the same to cut base costs through the optimised use of materials and processes. Often designers produce designs that are then optimised by engineers or other manufacturing experts to remove what could be considered essential design features such as curves, tricky surfaces and the like. This ensures that the design is simplified for manufacturing. (Faste 2001) Similarly clothing designs are modified too such as employ different pigments for achieving dimmer or otherwise different colours etc. Overall, economics se rve as a major influence on design methods and the affected design domain includes all forms and manners of designs. Large influences on design in the contemporary world stems from globalisation of cultures, societies, ideas and ultimately design influences. The alignment of various cultural influences has produced individuals that are well aware of local values and traditions just as they are well aware of design influences in another(prenominal) part of the world. For example, Japanese designs were known the world over for their subtle and precise character. The

Biotransport Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Biotransport - Research Paper ExampleThe model foresaw deadly value of pH (less than 6.5) in EHTs consisted of 106 cells per square centimeter. Predictions of pH slightly relied on type O concentration and strongly on carbon dioxide concentration and the length of diffusion path. In study conclusion, acidosis induced by hypoxia are an important factor in the mass transport problem.The limitations of Transport of critical nutrients obstruct cardiac tissue engineering. The getable EHT models comprise of high-density neonatal cardiomyocytes in biopolymer hydrogel or scaffold of synthetic porous polymer. After cultivation by a bioreactor, the cardiac tissue constructs make piddling synchronous contractions like that of differentiated cardiac myofibrils. The problem that prevailed was of scaling the tissue constructs to clinical size and dead cells inside the construct. Reports emphasize on the importance of oxygen as a metabolite in cardiac tissue engineering and engineered cartilage. Reports has it that oxygen concentrations of less than 14 micro molar exist in 1mm EHT model closure and the rate of consumption of oxygen by cardiomyocyte finishes it to above zero.Laboratory data suggest that reduced oxygen does not cause cell death callable to hypoxia. Acidosis initiate apoptosis. Lactate-induced acidosis of culture medium at pH 6 stimulates apoptosis in cultured cardiomyocytes. There is expectation that pH and oxygen have functions to take on in tissue engineering mass transport problem.Generally, the work done was to analyze the pH gradients resulting from mass transport limitations in engineered heart tissue (EHT). cook obtained neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM) for experiment. He noticed variations in the hypoxia response in acidification of culture medium in relation to the source and procurement method. information of EHTs constructs succeeded Eschenhagen lab method plus some modifications. He neutralized 3.2mg/mL

Refer to other instructions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Refer to other instructions - Essay Example consequent to the closure of the first generation P2P networks, other companies, like Gnutella, entered the fray. Gnutella is a P2P network that operates by means of proxy servers. This network permits its subscribers to be anonymous. These types of networks are less unprotected to legal action. Freenet functions as a parallel network to the Internet. It has all the feature of a P2P network, and it was developed on the P2P network technology. In this technology, the required information or data is not stored on servers at permanent locations. The information is delivered to the user only when the user demands the information. The subscribers to this network can therefore act anonymously and the fall of data or message cannot be tracked (Dong, Li and Chen).The present Internet Service Providers or ISPs are not providing sufficient protection to the content that is stored on the servers. Similarly, the ISPs are not safeguarding the interes ts of the users of the internet. Even the most famous and well established internet based companies are not respecting the rights of the users. There are some(prenominal) cases against these companies on the charges of copyright infringements. One such compevery is Yahoo, which blatantly ignores the rights of the internet users. Similarly, there are a number of infringements of music industrys rights on the internet. In order to address this problem, the WIPO had provided several guidelines, in its Treaties in the year 1996 (Kennedy).The music industry is losing its legitimate revenues due to this illegal downloading of music through the internet. At present, the music industry is the largest loser. In the future, the new budding music stars would publish their music works on the internet and make it available for the general public, without any cost, in the hope of gaining fame (Seifert and Hadida).At the moment

Academic article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Academic article - Essay Examplea strategic think may become accidentally successful, but it much more likely to achieve success, and to maintain its profitability, if it has a plan in place. A political party with a strategic plan will know how it has got to current success and thus may be able to continue on this path in the future. This see will consider aspects of good management and planning through the consideration of one of the most successful companies of recent years McDonalds Corporation.A company such as McDonalds, involved in planning first needs to be aw be of what exactly is happening at the given moment in spite of appearance the business, and then needs to be able to extrapolate possible outcomes based upon that awareness. The first premise of planning is having as much knowledge as possible. The eccentric of planning which is now occurring has changed radically from that envisioned in the traditional business model. As John Byrne puts it, gone are the abstract ion, sterility, and top-down arrogance of the old model. (Byrne, 1) at present double-deckers in the most successful corporations (such as McDonalds) are part of a system in which todays gurus of strategy urge companies to democratize the subroutine, and they do this by handing strategic planning over to teams of line and staff managers from different disciplines. (Byrne, 1) Often young, junior managers who are noted for their creative thinking are teamed with near-retirement, senior managers who essentially have nothing to lose and so can tell it like it is. So from the most junior to the most senior manager there is a role, both for planning within their own specific area of the business, but also for constant consideration of how that may effect longer-term and more far-reaching plans.Planning is perhaps the central role of all managers, because all the other functions flow from it and must always consider their relationship to it. A business without a plan has no future, and s o all the other functions will be redundant. Organization

The Beach Essay Example for Free

The Beach EssayThe beaches of Panama City is very nice, but overly crowded. The rachis inhabited beach, relaxation in the sun, and fun times. Ah, youve arrived to one of your ducky places on Earth, the beach, the magnificent place that God created for relaxation and fun. The beautiful ocean right in front of you. The sand in between your toes, and the blissful sounds of the waves splutter against the shore line. You look around to see the yellow beam of sun shining down on you creating a sense of warmth and happiness throughout your body. You look around to see the different types of large number, adults, children, teenagers. The adults are thrilled to be away from their overwhelming every twenty-four hourstime lives and are fin each(prenominal)y able to relax. The children are all exceptionally thrilled about their time at the beach, with their beach toys and friends. The teenagers are thrilled to get to chill, and hang out at the beach, and to get away from their schedule lives of school and sports etc. The sand surrounding the clear aqua ocean is being occupied by many beach towels, umbrellas and chairs.Children are sprinting in the sand and screaming at the top of their lungs as they splash in the water playfully, teens are creating conversation with new friends theyve just met. You can hear the different types of people squealing at one another in the midst of playing and what not. You look around trying to figure out which fine dining origination is sending the amazing smells of fresh seafood your way, hoping that maybe tonight youll be able to go chow down on your favorite foods. Beach shops prepare for their day of excited travelers bustling in and out of their small seafront shops.Opening their doors, they bring out all of the beach merchandise hoping to sell to the ongoing tourists. As the day comes to a fault there are still activities to be had, crabbing and night walks on the beaches. Some like to watch the sunsets that turns the sea a bu rnt whole tone of orange, and the skies a faint color of orange and a mixture of blue which sometimes can result in a pretty cotton glass over color. If there are clouds in the sky, it gives a stunning grayish cast that can be quite interesting to look at. The beach is a fantastic place for relaxation, fun in the sun and an overall good time

The Similarities and Differences Between Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Essay Example for Free

The Similarities and Differences Between haemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis EssayMany individuals be diagnose with kidney disease each year, and some individuals face a difficult seat concerning the possibility of doing dialysis, and choosing what type of dialysis treatment is right for the individual. Both Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis give patients the quality of life. In contrast both procedures are done differently, Hemodialysis patients are dependent, and peritoneal dialysis patients are self-sufficient.In comparison both removes bollix up from the phone linestream however, both procedures are beneficial to treat kidney disease. Hemodialysis is a parking lot procedure that removes waste from the bloodstream in patients whose kidneys does not pass by rights. The hemodialysis procedure consist of using a machine called the dialyzer, and the patients own veins, which is practically called a fistula, to transfer blood back and forth from the dialyzer to the pa tients arm. merely beca employment the fistula takes or so six weeks to heal, patients often flummox a Vortex Graft depositd, a Vortex Graft is plastic tubing placed inside of the patients vein or so patients cigaret use their graft in two to three weeks However there are some patients who grant to start dialysis immediately therefore, a Tunnel Catheter is placed, a Tunnel Catheter is a long flexible tube surgically inserted in a large vein in the neck, for immediate dialysis use. Patients often do hemodialysis three days a week, every other day. culture to patients dialysis treatment runs approximately three to five hours each day, depending on what type of access they slang. The day of their hemodialysis treatment, patients weigh themselves at the center and prepare to be seated to start their treatment. The dialysis technicians prep the dialyzer before the patients are ready to start dialyzing. The dialysis technicians take the patients temperature and blood pressure befo re the patients are seated. The dialysis technicians cleans the access land site and make sure the site is working properly.Dialysis technicians have to follow a certain protocol when putting dialysis patients on for their treatment. Therefore patients and technicians wear face affect to keep from cross contaminations of blood and germs. More often dialysis technicians change gloves throughout the treatment session. The technicians monitors the patients blood pressure throughout the dialysis procedure, because patients run a risk of their blood pressure getting too low dialysis technician may have to administer saline reply to bring the patients blood pressure back up to a normal range.The dialysis technicians logarithm the patients blood pressure throughout the dialysis session. Once the patients are done with their dialysis session, the technicians take their temperature, blood pressure, and make sure their blood pressure is at a normal range before letting the patients leave t heir chair, once blood pressure is at a normal range patients weigh themselves, and the technicians log it into the computer. Hemodialysis patients rely on their dialysis technicians for their dialysis treatment needs.In addition, hemodialysis patients run into risk associated with taking hemodialysis. One of the most common risks is clotting of the arteries in the arm. approximately of the time patients are sent to a nearby hospital to see a vascular surgeon to have to clot removed. Often the clot sack up be removed, and the patients can return the next day to restart their dialysis treatment however, there are times when the clot cannot be removed therefore patients have a temporary tunnel catheter placed.Tunnel catheter is only placed temporarily placed until the surgeon can either fix the clotted arties, or place a new fistula. Tunnel catheter is the primary cause of most infections in hemodialysis patients and is one the primary reason for hospitalization of hemodialysis pati ents. Hemodialysis patients often drink too much unruffled and in result have to pull off more fluid therefore, their blood pressure may get too low. When hemodialysis pulls off excess fluid it also pulls off potassium, and patients may feel severe cramping.Furthermore, hemodialysis patients follow a diet called The nephritic Diet patients have to eat foods low in sodium, low in potassium, and low in phosphorus. Most patients on hemodialysis have a fluid restriction, normally the fluid restriction is about four cups of fluid a day or six cups a fluid a day. Hemodialysis pulls the protein from the patients em consistence therefore patients have to eat a high protein diet. On the contrary, peritoneal dialysis is a common procedure that removes waste from the bloodstream in patients whose kidneys does not function properly.The peritoneal dialysis procedure consists of using a fluid called dialysate, and a catheter the catheter is placed in the stomach of the kidney dialysis patien ts. When patients do peritoneal dialysis the dialysate solution is placed in the abdomen of the kidney patients and sits there for up to four hours the hours the fluid sits is called the dwell time. Once the fluid has sat for a while the kidney dialysis patients exchange the old dialysate solution with new dialysate solution and start the whole process over again.Peritoneal dialysis can be done in two different ways Automated Peritoneal Dialysis and incessant Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis. Automated Peritoneal Dialysis is done while the kidney dialysis patients are asleep and Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis is done every four hours approximately five times a day for 30 minutes. Patients who do peritoneal dialysis do it in their own home. Before starting peritoneal dialysis patients are properly trained by a nurse for three weeks. Patients must be able to do own treatments once training is over.Peritoneal dialysis can have what time a day to do their treatments, and what type of peritoneal dialysis treatment they prefer. Patients must order supplies each month and must have adequate bill of space to store supplies. Typically, patients start the day off by taken their blood pressure, temperature, and weight, and log the results. Before patients start a peritoneal dialysis treatment patients close doors, window, and clean table with disinfectant. Patients then gather supplies for treatment, put on a face mask, and clean hands and exit site.Patients then hook themselves up and began exchanging fluid, by and by done with treatment patients properly dispose of waste and enjoy the rest of their day. In addition, peritoneal dialysis patients run into risk associated with taking peritoneal dialysis. One of the most common risks is an infection called Peritonitis. Peritonitis is an infection of the peritoneum a peritoneum is the lining of the abdominal that forms a sack. Most of the time patients are given antibiotics to eliminate the infection.Peritoneal dialysis patients can develop a hernia a hernia is a tear of the wall where an organ sticks out therefore, patients should not lift heavy objects. Patients may experience bloating, constipation, weight gain, fluid overload, and dry skin associated with peritoneal dialysis. Furthermore, peritoneal dialysis patients follow a diet called The Renal Diet patients have to eat foods low in sodium, low in phosphorus however, patient can eat a potassium rich diet, because they dialyze every day.Some patients on peritoneal dialysis have a fluid restriction however, most patients who do peritoneal dialysis do not have a fluid restriction, because they dialyze every day. Peritoneal dialysis pulls the protein for the patients body therefore patients have to eat a high protein diet. Peritoneal dialysis patients have to eat a low calorie diet, because they get some of their calories from the dextrose establish in the dialysate solution.In conclusion, both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are similar in so many ways for example both dialysis procedures cleanse waste from the bloodstream of patients whose kidneys does not function properly, patients follow the same type of diet, and both treatments have to be done in a clean environment. Hemodialysis use a machine called the dialyzer and the patients arteries to transfer blood to and from the machine, and peritoneal dialysis use a fluid called dialysate and transfer fluid through a catheter placed in the patients abdomen.Hemodialysis patients rely on their technician for all their dialysis treatments need, and peritoneal dialysis patients basically do all their on treatments. Hemodialysis patients schedules are preset, and peritoneal dialysis patients schedules are more flexible. In contrast both procedures are done differently, Hemodialysis patients are dependent, and peritoneal dialysis patients are self-sufficient. In comparison both removes waste from the bloodstream however, both procedures are beneficial to treat k idney disease.

The Act of Utilitarianism Essay Example for Free

The Act of Utilitarianism EssayAct utilitarianism states that, when faced with a choice, we must commencement consider the likely consequences of potential actions and, from that, choose to do what we believe will generate the most pleasure. The rule utilitarian, on the other hand, begins by looking at potential rules of action. To determine whether a rule should be followed, he or she looks at what would happen if it were constantly followed. If adherence to the rule produces more happiness than otherwise, it is a rule that morally must be followed at all times. The distinction between act and rule utilitarianism is therefore based on a divagation about the proper object of consequential calculation specific to a case or generalized to rules. Also to achieve the great good for the greater number of people. Rule utilitarianism has been criticized for advocating general rules that, in some specific circumstances, clearly decrease happiness if followed. Never to kill another h uman being whitethorn seem to be a good rule, but it could make self-defense against malevolent aggressors very difficult.Rule utilitarians add, however, that there are general exception rules that release the breaking of other rules if such rule-breaking increases happiness, one showcase being self-defense. Critics argue that this reduces rule utilitarianism to act utilitarianism and makes rules meaningless. Rule utilitarians retort that rules in the legal system (i. e. , laws) that determine such situations are not meaningless. Self-defense is legally justified, while murder is not. However, within rule utilitarianism there is a distinction between the strictness and totalitarianism of this particular branch of utilitarianism.Strong Rule Utilitarianism is an absolutist theory, which frames strict rules that apply for all people and all time and may never be broken. derriere Stuart Mill proposed Weak Rule utilitarianism, which posits that, although rules should be framed on pr evious examples that benefit society, it is possible, under specific circumstances, to do what produces the greatest happiness and break that rule. An example would be the Gestapo asking where your Jewish neighbours were a strong rule utilitarian might say the Do not lie rule must never be broken, whereas a weak rule utilitarian would argue that to lie would produce the most happiness.

The Year Of 1776 In American History History Essay

The Year Of 1776 In American History History EssayThe socio-economic class of 1776 was an important year in American history. The Revolutionary War had just begun and the outcome was still uncertain. It was year that would decide Americas future and test the will of our American soldiers. Several key battles were to be fought in an 18 month time frame and some of the most key battles were fought during the year of 1776. The author David McCullough takes the reader rump in time to the 18th century right after the Battle of Lexington and Concord and the Battle of Bunker Hill. These battles marked the beginning of the Revolutionary War. He starts the have off with the Siege of Boston and continues through to the Battles of New York, Princeton and Trenton. David McCulloughs vivid knack for story telling captures the ups and downs that the Continental Army would face during the year of 1776.The Revolutionary War, (1775-1783), likewise callight-emitting diode the War of Independence w as between Great Britain and the thirteen British colonies. The King of Great Britain was George III, he was very popular during his reign, merely he lost the obedience of the American colonist who felt that being taxed without representation in Parliament violated their rights. Congress appointed George Washington as Major General and Commander-in-chief to lead, the soon to be independent states, against the super power Great Britain. The lives of both these men are fairly portrayed in this book. King George and Parliament have had overflowing of the traitors turned rabble in arms. (McCullough 20) George Washington, is portrayed as a human man, who has doubts and is always wondering what the future holds for them around the corner.The Siege of Boston was the opening build of the American Revolutionary War in which the New England militiamen, who later became a part of the Continental Army, surrounded the town of Boston, Massachusetts to prevent movement by the British Army gar risoned within. The first battle for Boston began at Lexington and Concord, where the New England militia surrounded Boston. The British successfully seized Bunker Hill but they suffered umteen casualties despite fighting an army half their size.The end of the siege came when George Washington decided to seize the high ground at Dorchester Heights, overlooking Boston. Since it was the middle of winter, they were unavailing to dig in and they had to use logs branches and anything else available to fortify their position. The British cannons were out of range and their barrage of cannon elevate could not reach the Americans at much(prenominal) a height. They planned an assault on the heights but due to a terrible storm they decided to withdraw peacefully as great as they were allowed to leave undisturbed. While the British were leaving, they thought they saw some movement and opened up a massive hail of cannon fire that lasted all night. It only killed four men but they were agai n out maneuvered by General Washington and his rabble in arms.(McCullough 20)McCullough does an excellent job line drawing the differences in the Continental Army compared to the British. The Continental Army was made up of mostly volunteers. Often they were short of gun powder and clothing. They were unskilled in fight but they did have a few advantages. A major advantage was they fought on their own soil and knew the terrain well. They may have lost some battles, but they took the lives of many British soldiers who could not easily obtain reinforcements. For the British, it was discouraging to win battle after battle to realize how many men and supplies it cost them in the process. Surely to conceive that you were far superior in the art of war but couldnt bring the Continental army to their knees had to have severe psychological effects.The British troops eventually turned their focus to capturing New York City. The King hired Hessian troops to assist with defending New York. Th e British would drive hold up the American troops to the Brooklyn Heights. Washington had to withdraw his entire remaining army and all of their supplies across the East River in one night without the British noticing. This led to Washingtons decision to attack the Hessians on Christmas night by way of crossing the frozen Delaware River. They captured almost 900 Hessians at the Battle of Trenton. McCullough states With the victory at Trenton came the identification that the Americans had bested the enemy, bested the fearsome Hessians, the Kings detested hirelings, outsmarted them and outfought them, and so might well again. (McCullough 290) Cornwallis marched to retake Trenton but was outmaneuvered by Washington, who successfully defeated the British at Princeton.In my popular opinion this book is a must read for anyone interested in early American history. McCullough has a keen way of bringing readers back to the fateful year of 1776. He has a great eye for detail and has a knac k for bringing the story to life. He was fare to the English and George III and was able to place why the English felt the American colonist rebellion was illegal but, an insult to them as well. I also like how he showed the human cheek of George Washington as indecisive and apt to makes some key errors at times. He also shows it was the determination of the Continental Army that made all of the difference in winning the war. Without these men our country would most likely still be under British rule. Every American should read this book it would help oneself a vast amount of people to gain some appreciation of the founding of our country and the sacrifice of all of those who made this the great nation what it is today.

English Essays Pride and Prejudice

English Essays self-respect and PrejudiceIntroduction Jane Austens much deard novel Pride and Prejudice was first published in 1813 at a time when family relationships in Britain were g everyplacened by rather rigid societal rules. Male and female roles were very clearly defined, and in the more(prenominal) pie-eyed families in particular, great effort was spent on main(prenominal)taining moral respectability and financial security. This essay examines the various ways that Jane Austen depicts the related topics of cut and labor union in the novel. It explores two the pres accepteds upon opposite characters to behave in certain traditional ways, and the choices which argon open to them, and explains how the author cleverly steers the reader towards an understanding of love and conjugal union which challenges some of the prejudices of her time. The traditional spousals of convenience The novel opens with a comic scene in which the mature marry couple Mr and Mrs bennet discuss the r each(prenominal)ing of a new inhabit, Mr Bingley. It is clear from the start that the society in which the novel takes place is rather refined, since the house in unbelief is called Netherfield Park and Mr Bingley is described as a young man of large fortune from the north of England (Austen, 1918, p. 1). The conversation is dominated by Mrs bennet, who holds forth on the exciting prospect that this new neighbour exponent fall in love with one of their five daughters, while Mr Bennet exhibits a long-suffering tolerance of his wifes domestic chatter. The narrator maintains an ironic duration from the two speakers, illustrating Mr Bennets lack of comprehension for the social niceties of formal visits, and Mrs Bennets lack of comprehension of her husbands character She was a woman of mean understanding, little information, and uncertain temper (Austen, 1918, p. 4) whose main focus in life was to find a husband for her five daughters. This introductory chapter serv es as a vignette of traditional marriage in fastness class British society at the start of the nineteenth century since the Bennets belong to the ruling class by virtue of income, residence and manners (Downie, 2006), even up though some novices such as Tuite (2002) persist in classifying Austens characters as bourgeois. According to Zimmerman (1968, p. 66) these two characters embody the salient qualities implied by the title of the novel Mr. Bennet exhibits the detach workforcet of pride and Mrs. Bennet the total involvement of prejudice. Greenfield (2002, p. 149) has more understanding for Mrs. Bennets obsessions, describing her as being plagued by realistic concerns about womens economic disadvantages. This means, in effect, that they ar in m whatever ways opposites, since the husband is clever, urbane and often silent, while the wife is rather foolish, provincial and prone to engage in gossip at very available opportunity. The pair appear to have found an accommodation with each other, still they be clearly not at all hale pair offed in terms of their character, interests or intelligence. The family is clearly of modest means, and it is the dilemma of finding a suitable husband for all five girls which sets up the starting stage for the rest of the novel. After setting the scene through this entertaining dialogue in the Bennet sitting room, the author wherefore proceeds to introduce a series of characters and trace their different approaches to the resolution of this fundamental conundrum. One potential suitor presents himself in the form of the clergyman Mr Collins. He is first mentioned by Mr Bennet as a gentleman and a stranger (Austen, 1918, p. 62), whom he has invited to dine with the family. Significantly this news is greeted first with excitement, since these qualities might make him a suitable match for one of the daughters, and then horror, since it turns out that he is due to acquire through the legal process of entailment, the famil y home upon the death of Mr Bennet, thus giving him power over the fate of the rest of the family (Macpherson, 2003). The somewhat pompous Mr Collins comes with the express intention of marrying one of the five sisters. He is interested in Jane, the eldest and most fair sister, and a deal is struck between himself and Mrs Bennet that he should concentrate on the second daughter, Elizabeth, since the eldest daughter is already spoken for. The narrator indicates the art nature of this transaction with an ironic reference to the speed with which he agrees to change his mind and the indifference which he and Mrs. Bennet have for the feelings of the young women in question Mr. Collins had only to change from Jane to Elizabeth and it was soon done done while Mrs. Bennet was stirring the fire (Austen, 1918, p. 72). Love plays no part in this transaction, and so the proposed marriage between Mr. Collins and Elizabeth is set to mirror the traditional fate of her parents. The two individ uals would have little in common when they start out married life, and it would be their task to make their marriage of convenience work. In the aftermath, however, this plan is thwarted by Elizabeths spirited refusal of the proposal from Mr. Collins, an act which her mother calls her own crotchetiness (Austen, 1918, p. 145). It is Elizabeths older friend, Charlotte Lucas, who steps into the role of suitable wife for the faintly ridiculous Mr. Collins. Perhaps because she sees her own chances of marriage fading, Charlotte herself is convinced of the primary importance of finding a good match, regardless of how one might feel about the person. She is convinced of the value of obtaining a respectable and at least(prenominal) moderately wealthy husband, since she discusses the skin rash relationship between Mr. Bingley and Jane Bennet somewhat wistfully with the words Happiness in marriage is entirely a matter of chance (Austen, 1918, p. 21). One critic astutely highlights the bitte r compromise that Charlotte Lucass marriage to Mr. Collins represents the pathos of Charlottes marriage is that, because of her intelligence, her ignorance must be a pretense (Weinsheimer, 1972, p. 408). This is the price that many women had to pay in order to obtain material security and social respectability in early nineteenth century Britain. Marriage for love A very different type of marital relationship is modelled in the novel by the eldest Bennet sister Jane and her suitor Mr. Bingley. From the very beginning it is clear that they love and love each other. Jane, as the eldest of the Bennet sisters, is assumed to be the first to marry, and her extraordinary beauty and even temperament make her an obvious choice for the wealthy Mr. Bingley. He is attracted to her for reasons that might appear to be rather superficial in the first instance. She does not have much money, but she has other advantages. Mr. Darcy and Mr. Bingley are both impressed by her appearance, since Darcy re fers to her as the only handsome girl in the room and Mr. Bingley replies that she is the most beautiful creature I ever beheld (Austen, 1918, p. 10). Young women who are in possession of great beauty are, in the world of Jane Austen, usually tumefy placed in the marriage stakes. It as well as helps that Jane is submissive and calm, unlike her more assertive sister Elizabeth, who does not attract nearly so many admiring glances from the men. Assured of her comfortable marriage based on mutual love, Jane firmly believes in the importance of affection in marriage, and advises Elizabeth to consider this matter very carefully before committing to marry Mr. Darcy Oh, Lizzy Do anything rather than marry without affection. Are you quite sure that you what you ought to do? (Austen, 1918, p. 385). The relationship between Jane and Charles Bingley is presented as something easy and natural, as they attend various social functions and gradually get to know each other. By blissful happenst ance Mr. Bingley has a suitably large fortune, and the Bennet parents are happy to see their eldest daughter marry such a gentle and good-tempered man. Marriage for love is thus presented as something idyllic, but rather rare, and only achievable when circumstances happen to arrange themselves in propitious ways. It is only conceivable as an outcome for Jane, for example, since all of the other Bennet sisters have characteristics which make them less than suitable for such a marriage Mary is too plain, Lizzy and Lydia are too headstrong, and Kitty is too young to attract the attention of the highly suitable but ultimately rather dull Mr. Bingley. This marriage proves the point that in early nineteenth century Britain, happiness in marriage is a matter of chance, although it can sometimes make both parties very happy. Illicit love True love is evident also in the relationship between sixteen year old Lydia and the dashing officer Mr. Wickham. In this case, however, there is alarm clock within the family when it is discovered that the two have disappeared together, without first completing the mandatory social formalities of courtship, parental approval, engagement and marriage. There are two dimensions to the problem posed by Lydia and Wickhams love the first is moral, and the second is social. The moral issue derives from the Christian value of obligatory chastity before marriage. The self-righteous Mr. Collins writes an woeful letter to Mr. Bennet, condemning Lydias character and advising the poor man to throw off your unworthy child from your affection for ever, and leave her to reap the fruits of her own heinous disrespect (Austen, 1918, p. 304). He even goes so far as to say the death of your daughter would have been a blessing in comparison of this (Austen, 1918, p. 304). Writing a century later one critic endorses at least some of the moral outrage that is expressed in the novel, but suggests also that there might be a more charitable motivation fo r Lydias behaviour There is something absolute in her selfish recklessness, her reckless pursuit of her own pleasure without the least regard not only to others but even to herself he contributes to her comfort and enables her to realize her quite childish ideal of worldly importance as a married woman (Howells, 1918, p. xv). It seems that in her rush to achieve the status of a married women, Lydia forgets her duty to her parents and sisters and most seriously of all, puts her own future at gamble by breaking all the rules designed to preserve her own value as a respectable woman. If Mr. Darcy had not stepped in to ensure that the roguish Mr. Wickham then things would have ended very badly indeed. While Elizabeth Bennet has some sympathy for her sisters folly, Mary Bennet spells out the awful consequences Unhappy as the event must be for Lydia, we may draw from it this useful lesson that loss of virtue in a female is irretrievable that one false step involves her in endless ru in that her reputation is no less brittle than it is beautiful (Austen, 1918, p. 295). These sentiments reflect the harsh moral code of the times, the expectations of the community (Deresiewicz, 1997) and incidentally also the trope standard that allows men all sorts of indiscretions but judges women by a single instance of immoral conduct. The second problem that Lydias elopement causes is a social one. The crap ca utilise by one sister will automatically have a detrimental effect on the reputation of the whole family, including the other sisters. It is no coincidence that this disaster is averted by the actions of a wealthy and powerful male Mr. Darcy. In this period women did not have the right to decide upon their own fate, and they were dependent upon the actions of fathers, brothers, husbands, or in this case, husbands-to-be. By stepping in to aid the family, Mr. Darcy presents himself in the role of dashing hero. Elizabeth Bennet, who herself would no doubt be too proud to accept acts of charity on her own behalf, is bound to be mightily impressed by her suitors gallant behaviour. In this period women did not have the freedom to engage in communications that would increase their wealth or power, since meetings with the opposite sex were strictly chaperoned, and there was even an unwritten rule which forbade correspondence between marriageable persons not employed to be married (Le Faye, 2002, p. 114). The author uses this critical incident to turn the readers attention towards the increasing likelihood of a match between Elizabeth Bennet and the dark and severe Mr. Darcy. The ideal marriage The relationship which takes central place in the novel is that between Elizabeth Bennet and Mr. Darcy. A great deal of suspense is created through the initial animosity that is expressed between the two, and the growing attraction that they go out towards each other. Several of the minor characters, including the haughty Lady Catherine de Bourgh, seem to thin k that Elizabeth is not a suitable match for Mr. Darcy because of her relative poverty, her lower social status, and her rather unfeminine tendency to make witty and sometimes highly critical remarks. Elizabeth does not fail the profile of the ideal gentlewoman of this time. In similar ways, Mr. Darcy defies the definition of a gentleman, at least in the eyes of the young women he coppices in well-mannered English society. He possesses some of the attributes of a romantic hero, such as good looks and great wealth, but his manners leave something to be desired, and he does not go along with all of the social niceties of dancing and visiting which most ladies expect of him. The story of Elizabeth and Mr. Darcys gradual acquaintance is a motif that is often used by Austen and represents the common novelists fantasy of a poor girl who meets, and after a series of vicissitudes marries, the rich young man (Butler, 2001, p. 139). The twists and turns of love and hate which Elizabeth an d Mr. Darcy experience are the necessary preamble to an ultimately happy ending. In Austens skilled and often ironic narrative, the reader is pushed and pulled into viewing different facets of both characters, appreciating their faults as well as their virtues, and developing a growing awareness of their mutual attraction. It is made clear by both characters that in fact they are romantically attracted to each other. Darcy declares his position in the middle of the novel when he boldly tells Elizabeth You must allow me to tell you how ardently I admire and love you (Austen, 1918, p. 195) while Elizabeth at the end of the novel assures her father about her feelings for Mr. Darcy I do, I do like him, she replied, with tears in her eyes I love him. (Austen, 1918, p. 389). In the end, when the marriage is finally agreed, and the two are set to launch into a lifetime of happiness together, a final word is left to Mr. Bennet, who writes to Mr. Collins, firing off a comic opposite to the earlier letter received from Mr. Collins, with the words I must trouble you once more for congratulations. Elizabeth will soon be the wife of Mr. Darcy. Console Lady Catherine as well as you can. But, if I were you, I would stand by the nephew. He has more to give (Austen, 1919, p. 395). According to Newman (1983), this letter is an adjudicate by the Jane Austen to distance herself from the cliched ending of the romantic novel and to insert a little comedic irony. Mr. Bennet is poking fun at the miscalculations of Mr Collins, including his earlier curse word of the Bennet family and his affectation in cultivating a connection with Lady Catherine. The affiliation of the Bennet family with Mr. Darcy removes the familys financial and reputational difficulties in one fell swoop. As it happens, Lydia and Mr. Wickham also trip the dire fate predicted by Mr. Collins, which all goes to prove that the merciless rules and restrictions of polite Christian society do not always end in the outcomes predicted by their most fanatical supporters. Courtship is a seductive, often illusory process with uncertain results (Hinnant, 2006). Spinsters, bachelors, widows and widowers Although Pride and Prejudice revolves mainly around the progress of various love and marriage relationships there are a number of other characters who are presented in isolation, and without an obvious partner. Two of the younger Bennet sisters, Mary and Kitty, fall into this folk but the author presents their prospects very differently, Mary is described in terms of qualities which more usually would be used to refer to a man since she is friendly of books, and of strict moralising. Distant cousins, uncles, and widows are presented as outsiders, apart from the fire mainstream of society where the machinations over love and marriage preoccupy all of the women and most of the men. Jane Austen criticises some of the ridiculousness that goes on in the centre of upper class society but she does not g o so far as to recommend these isolated positions for any of her main characters. Only the stern and awkward sister Mary seems destined for this fate, and her role in the novel seems to be to act as a screw up for Elizabeth. Without Elizabeths charm and wit, Mary will be left in the dreaded role of spinster, always looking on while others enjoy the benefits of marriage, and if they are lucky, also of romantic love. Conclusion This brief essay has shown that Jane Austen presents a witty and varied range of opinions on love and marriage in the early nineteenth century. The men have by far the greater range of choices, while younger women must remain constrained in mostly female company, awaiting rare opportunities to encounter eligible young men. The fact that the women are so easily interchangeable in the eyes of men, and so often resigned to their fate, highlights their role as little more than items of property in this patriarchal society. Each of the types of marriage outlined a bove are presented as viable choices for the Bennet sisters. The novels focus on Elizabeth, however, and the more interesting and nuanced path toward marriage that she travels, suggests that this alliance of two highly intelligent and moderately rebellious characters may well represent the ideal marriage from a nineteenth century upper class perspective. The novel plays with stereotypes in the minor characters, and stretches the limits of acceptable masculinity and femininity in the two main characters. Thus the novel challenges some, but not all, of the prejudices of the time and leaves the reader with a detailed and nuanced overview of love and marriage in this period. References Austen, J. (1918) 1813 Pride and Prejudice. New York Scribner. Butler, M. (2001) The Juvenilia and Northanger Abbey. In S. Regan (Ed.), The Nineteenth-Century Novel A Critical Reader. capital of the United Kingdom Routledge, pp. 136-143. Deresiewicz, W. (1997) Community and Cognition in Pride and Prejud ice. ELH 64 (2), pp. 503-535. Downie, J. A. (2006) Who Says Shes a Bourgeois Writer? Reconsidering the Social and Political Contexts of Jane Austens Novels. Eighteenth Century Studies 40 (1), pp. 69-84. Greenfield, S. C. (2002) Mothering Daughters Novels and the Politics of Family Romance, Frances Burney to Jane Austen. Detroit, MI Wayne State University Press. Hinnant, C. H. (2006) Jane Austens Wild Imagination Romance and the Courtship Plot in the Six Canonical Novels. Narrative 14 (3), pp. 294-310. Howells, W. D. (1918) Introduction to Pride And Prejudice. New York Scribner. Le Faye, D. (2002) Jane Austen The World of Her Novels. London Frances Lincoln. Macpherson, S. (2003) Rent to Own or, Whats Entailed in Pride and Prejudice. Representations 82 (1), pp. 1-23. Tuite, C. (2002) Romantic Austen Sexual Politics and the Literary Canon. Cambridge Cambridge University Press. Weinsheimer, J. (1972) Chance and the hierarchy of marriages in Pride and Prejudice. ELH 39 (3), pp. 4 04-419. Zimmerman, E. (1968) Pride and Prejudice in Pride and Prejudice. Nineteenth-Century Fiction 23 (1), pp. 64-73.